#TURKISH LOOPS FREE#
Enquiring of my Negro man, Onesimus, who is a pretty intelligent fellow, whether he had ever had the smallpox, he answered, both yes and no and then told me that he had undergone an operation, which had given him something of the smallpox and would forever preserve him from it adding that it was often used among the Guramantese and whoever had the courage to use it was forever free of the fear of contagion. Timonius' communication and therefore, I do assure you, that many months before I met with any intimations of treating the smallpox with the method of inoculation, anywhere in Europe I had from a servant of my own an account of its being practised in Africa. ‘I am willing to confirm to you, in a favourable opinion, of Dr. When this was published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society it triggered a reply from Cotton Mather, a minister in Boston, Massachusetts. …They that have this inoculation practised upon them are subject to very slight symptoms, some being scarce sensible they are ill or sick: and what is valued by the fair, it never leaves and scars or pits in the face.’ 1 ‘ That although at first the more prudent were very cautious in the use of this practice yet the happy success it has found to have in thousands of subjects for these eight years past, has put it out of all suspicion and doubt since the operation, having been performed on persons of all ages, sexes, and different temperaments…none have been found to die of the smallpox.’ ‘ The writer of this ingenious discourse observes, in the first place, that the Circassians, Georgians, and other Asiatics, have introduced this practice of procuring the smallpox by a sort of inoculation, for about the space of forty years, among the Turks and others at Constantinople.’ In 1714, a letter written by Emanuel Timonius at Constaninople was circulated around Europe and read to the Royal Society by John Woodward. Working backwards in time from the first variolations in Britain and colonial Massachusetts in 1721, it is possible to trace the practice back for at least a century in parts of the Ottoman Empire and Europe. This will allow substantive discussions on remaining differences to begin," British Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson said in a statement Sunday.Inoculation in parts of the Ottoman Empire and Europe "We hope that in turn Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt and Bahrain respond by taking steps towards lifting the embargo. UAE Minister of State for Foreign Relations Anwar al-Gargash responded to the emir's speech on Twitter saying that while dialogue is necessary, Qatar must review its policies because repeating its previous positions only "deepens the crisis."īritain's top diplomat welcomed the Qatari leader's comments, however, and said his country will continue to work toward finding a solution. The anti-Qatar quartet has shown little sign of backing down. He also reiterated his country's commitment to fighting terrorism. Qatari Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani said in his first public comments on the dispute late Friday that Qatar is prepared to engage in dialogue, but that any resolution to the crisis must respect its sovereignty and that any terms cannot be dictated from outside. Erdogan will meet with Kuwait's ruler after his Saudi visit. Qatar refused, arguing that the demands were an effort to undermine its sovereignty.įellow Gulf country Kuwait has attempted to mediate the dispute, so far without success. The quartet insisted Qatar accept a tough 13-point list of demands to end the rift, including shutting down news outlets including Al-Jazeera, cutting ties with Islamist groups such as the Muslim Brotherhood, limiting ties with Iran and expelling Turkish troops stationed in the country. Qatar strongly denies the allegation and sees the dispute as politically motivated. Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Bahrain cut ties and transport links with Qatar in early June, accusing it of supporting extremists. The top diplomats of Britain, France, Germany and the United States have all been through already, underscoring the depth of concern the crisis is causing well beyond the region. Recep Tayyip Erdogan, whose country has deployed troops to Qatar, is the fifth high-level visitor from outside the Gulf to try to resolve the dispute since it erupted on June 5.
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Turkey's president waded into the diplomatic crisis gripping Qatar and four other Arab nations on Sunday, traveling to Saudi Arabia at the start of a three-country Gulf tour aimed at helping break the impasse.